研究成果の発表形態（口頭発表）

• ワークショップ. Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (Kyoto University)-School of Biological Sciences (Universiti Sains Malaysia) Seminar (The 83rd RISH Symposium)
  2007年12月13日, Penang, Malaysia

発表タイトル及び発表者氏名

• Evaluation of bird biodiversity with special references to avian contribution to nutrient cycling in Acacia plantation forests Motoko Fujita, Tsuyoshi Yoshimura (RISH, Kyoto University), Dewi Prawiradilaga (LIPI, Indonesia), Yuli Lestari, Bambang Supriadi (MHP)

発表内容

Tropical rain forests contain the highest biodiversity in the world. Conserving biodiversity is crucial to maintain ecosystem services, which benefit human well-being. Ecosystem services include provisioning services such as food, water, timber, and fiber; regulating services that affect climate, floods, disease, wastes, and water quality; cultural services that provide recreational, aesthetic, and spiritual benefits; and supporting services such as soil formation, photosynthesis, and nutrient cycling [1]. But tropical rain forests are still decreasing for many purposes; cutting for timber, oil-palm plantation, Acacia plantation for pulp production, shifting cultivation, etc. These changes in land-use caused habitat loss and even extinction of many organisms. Acacia mangium plantation is increasing in Sumatra, Indonesia, but its effect on ecosystem services is less known. Therefore, we aim to clarify the ecological effects of Acacia mangium plantation. The ultimate goal is to draw Acacia plantation which does not spoil ecosystem services.

The strongest impact on decreasing ecosystem services in tropical rain forest is habitat loss. Maintaining biodiversity requires adequate landscape structure or management procedure. Our first objective is to clarify bird species diversity differences in Acacia plantation and two conservation forests with different disturbance intensity. Especially, we clarify avifauna differences along distance from conservation forest as a species source. It could be applied to forestry management on the distribution of conservation area and Acacia plantation, and age of Acacia plantation that function as a bird habitat. Nutrient cycling is also a good index of ecosystem services. For example, birds are known to transport nitrogen and phosphorus from residential area into fragmented urban forests, and contribute to nutrient pathways in the forest ecosystems [2]. The second objective is to elucidate avian contribution to nutrient cycling in Acacia plantation. We ultimately aim to discuss what Acacia plantation should be to maintain ecosystem services.

We set study site in 260,000 ha Acacia plantation of PT. Musi Hutan Persada in South Sumatra, Indonesia. We conduct bird survey in the conservation area and in several Acacia plantation site with different distance from the nearest conservation area. Same survey is conducted at Acacia plantation with different age and same distance from conservation area. Three methods will be performed at bird survey. (1) Usual point-count method; we record species during ten minutes’ standing at the point, and count number of individuals within 25 m radius. (2) To make sure, we use tape recorder during point-count. (3) Infrared rays camera; throughout our stay, we set automatic camera with infrared rays sensor at the height of 1~2m. With these surveys, we clarify the differences of avifauna in each point.

REFERENCES

1. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. Island Press, Washington, DC.
2. Fujita, M., Koike, F. (2007) Birds transport nutrients to fragmented forests in an urban landscape. Ecological Applications, 17(3):648-654